Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): Function, Light Sensitivity and Analytical Considerations

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is a water-soluble vitamin that functions as a precursor to the coenzymes FAD and FMN, which are involved in oxidation–reduction reactions.

Riboflavin plays a central role in cellular energy production and is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
It is also linked to the metabolism of other vitamins, particularly vitamin B6 and niacin, highlighting its importance in interconnected metabolic pathways.

Riboflavin is highly sensitive to light, particularly UV and visible light exposure.
Literature shows that:
‣ Light exposure can rapidly degrade riboflavin
‣ Losses may occur during storage, especially in transparent packaging
It is relatively stable to heat compared to other B vitamins, but still requires controlled processing conditions.

Riboflavin is widely used in fortified foods, feeds, and premixes.
In infant formula and dairy-based products, light exposure is a critical factor affecting stability.
In feed, riboflavin supports growth, metabolism, and overall performance.

Due to its light sensitivity and interactions with other nutrients, accurate measurement of riboflavin is essential.
Analysis supports:
‣ Stability assessment
‣ Shelf-life evaluation
‣ Verification of fortified products